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澳洲论文代写雪梨科技大学:避税与法律道德义务

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澳洲论文代写避税与法律道德义务

避税问题需要公众的监督。公众普遍认为,如果一个公司在一个国家内获利,那么他们有义务缴纳公司税以帮助该国的发展。在正常的社会理论中,避税在道德上不会被认为是正确的。公众认为,公司避税给社会带来额外成本,这是公众无法承受的。公司尤其是跨国公司有义务根据其在该特定国家的利润缴纳相当数量的税款。这对于公司和社会的可持续性在道德上是可以接受的。通过公众监督,企业难以避税,因为他们需要获得公众的批准才能获得成功。因此,公众监督对于避税具有重要意义,因为它们具有较高的权力,并且是民主的精髓。在谈到避税的影响时,公众会受到这些结果的影响。


澳洲论文代写Tax Avoidance and Legal and Moral Obligations

Tax avoidance issue needs the surveillance of the public. It is a common feeling among the public that if a corporation has made profits within a country, then they have the duty to pay corporation tax to help in the development of that country. In the normal social theory, tax avoidance will not be considered as morally right. The public believes that tax avoidance of corporations impost extra costs on society, which is unbearable for the public (Institute of Business Ethics, 2013). Corporations especially multinationals have a duty to pay a fair amount of tax based on their profits made in that particular nation. This is morally acceptable for the sustainability of the company and the society. Through public supervision, corporations will have difficulty in avoiding tax as they need the public approval for their business operations to succeed. Therefore, public supervision is important in monitoring tax avoidance as they have higher power and they are the essence of democracy (Institute of Business Ethics, 2013). When talking about the influence of tax avoidance, the public is affected by these results.



澳洲论文代写避税与法律道德义务

根据Dowling(2014)的说法,关于避税的重要讨论是企业社会责任,企业采取主动措施使社会受益。如果一家公司有长期运营计划,企业社会责任对他们的声誉和可持续发展是必要的。企业社会责任对企业来说很重要,因为它为企业和社会创造共同价值,因此企业推广企业社会责任的一种方式是缴纳税收,反过来将用于社区发展。应该教授学生避税的违法性和企业社会责任的重要性,让他们参与社会的有益活动,以践行企业社会责任的重要性。在处理避税问题时,它要求企业在表达自己的社会责任感时进行自我管理。企业社会责任通过一个组织的政策,运营和自我管理的动机以及真相,关怀和透明度得到体现。这种环境为企业在履行其职责(包括纳税)时创造了积极的影响。通过缴纳税款,企业可以为社区成员创造更好的生活,从而成为其企业社会责任政策的一部分。因此,通过更好的政策和自我治理,企业可以通过认真负责税收来改变社会,而不是将其视为一种负担,而是作为对社会的礼物。这将对公司和社会都起到积极的作用。因此,避税会增加社会的负担,因为绝大多数人都会因为负担而受苦,因此绝不会被认为是道德的,因为很少有人会受益。


澳洲论文代写Tax Avoidance and Legal and Moral Obligations

According to Dowling (2014), the important discussion of tax avoidance is corporate social responsibility (CSR), in which businesses take the initiatives to benefit the society. If a company has plans for long term operations, CSR is necessary for their reputation and sustainable development. CSR is important for companies as it creates shared value for business and society. Therefore, one way in which companies can promote CSR is by paying taxes which in turn will be used for the development of the community. Students should be taught on the illegality of tax avoidance and the importance of CSR and should be allowed to participate in beneficial activities to the society so as to practice the importance of CSR. In addressing tax avoidance, it demands the self-governance of corporations as they express their sense of social responsibility (Michael & Porter, 2009). CSR is reflected through an organization’s policies, operations and motivations for self governance with truth, caring and transparency. This kind of environment creates a positive impact on the companies as they work towards their responsibilities which include paying of taxes. By paying their taxes, the corporations would have made lives better for the community member hence being part of their CSR policies. Therefore, through better policies and self-governance, corporations are able to make a difference in the society by taking their responsibility of paying taxes seriously and not consider it as a burden but rather as a gift to the community. This will act positively on both the company and the society. Therefore, as avoidance of tax will increase the burden of the society, it can never be considered ethical as few people will be benefiting while the majority will be suffering with the burden of taxes.



澳洲论文代写避税与法律道德义务

政府应该考虑公共需求,发展现代公共服务形式体系。这就要求政府重新分配可持续发展和服务的资源,以满足公众的需求。因此,避税问题需要通过政府的法律修正来解决。但有趣的是,一些政治家和税务专家认为,美国和英国的现行税制太复杂,无法修复。复杂的税收法律体系描述了历届政府在发展国家和以最小努力改善公民生活的政策和思想中的困境。通过这样做,公司总会在税收法律中找到漏洞,使其避税是合法的。然而,由于政府和企业都逃避责任,这不会使道德上正确。公平的税收份额意味着公司根据对公司利润的合理估计来考虑其税收。因此,只要有利润,纳税就是商业运营的一部分。税收也是公平的,因为它是从所赚取的利润中获得的,适用于所有来自小型,中型和大型企业的企业。由于这些跨国公司获得大量利润,他们不愿意将其中一小部分作为税款支付是不道德的。


澳洲论文代写Tax Avoidance and Legal and Moral Obligations

Government should consider the public-oriented need to develop modern public service-form system. This requires the government to redistribute the resources for sustainable development and services that meet the needs of the public (Institute of Business Ethics, 2013). Therefore, the tax avoidance issue needs to be fixed through law amendments by the government (Michael & Porter, 2009). However, it is interesting that some politicians and tax experts think that the current tax systems of the US and the UK are too complicated for them to be fixed. The complex legal system of taxation describes a dilemma in the policies and thinking of successive governments in developing the State and improving the lives of citizens with minimum efforts (Dowling, 2014). By doing this, corporations will always find a loophole in taxation law that will make it legal for their tax avoidance. However, this does not make it morally right as both the government and the corporations are escaping from their responsibilities. A fair share of tax means that the corporations consider their tax based on a reasonable estimate of the company’s profits. Therefore, tax payment is part of business operations as long as profits are being made. The tax is also fair as it is derived from the profits made and is applicable to all businesses from small, medium, and to large corporations. Due to the high amount of profits got by these multinational corporations, it is unethical for them to not want to pay a small portion of it as tax (Institute of Business Ethics, 2013).



澳洲论文代写避税与法律道德义务

最后,根据三方的努力,这对投资者,政府和公众来说是一个双赢的局面。 避税需要加以控制,像谷歌,星巴克和亚马逊这样的大公司应该像中小企业的模式一样脱颖而出,通过缴纳相当数量的税款来维持整个世界的可持续性。 Dowling(2014)描述了“公平份额”的定义,并建议政府应该通过一些谨慎的考虑和政策加以改进。 更重要的是,媒体和公众的监督应该得到升级,并帮助企业将企业社会责任作为其企业文化的一个重点。


澳洲论文代写Tax Avoidance and Legal and Moral Obligations

In the end, according to the efforts from three parties, it is a win-win situation for the investors,government, and the public. Tax avoidance need to be controlled, and large corporations like Google, Starbucks and Amazon that should stand out like models for medium-sized and the small corporations by paying their fair amount of tax to maintain the sustainability of the whole world. Dowling (2014) describe a definition of ‘fair share’, and suggests that it should be improved with some careful considerations and policies by the government. What's more, thesupervision from the media and the public should be upgraded and to help corporations take the CSR as the point of their corporation culture.



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